【英文标准名称】:StandardPracticeforContactUltrasonicTestingofWeldsUsingPhasedArrays
【原文标准名称】:相控阵接触式超声对焊接单元检测的标准方法
【标准号】:ASTME2700-2009
【标准状态】:现行
【国别】:美国
【发布日期】:2009
【实施或试行日期】:
【发布单位】:美国材料与试验协会(US-ASTM)
【起草单位】:E07.06
【标准类型】:(Practice)
【标准水平】:()
【中文主题词】:
【英文主题词】:nondestructivetesting;phasedarrays;phasedarrayprobe;ultrasoniccontactexamination;ultrasonicNDTofwelds;welds
【摘要】:Industrialphasedarraysdifferfromconventionalmonocrystalultrasonictransducerssincetheypermittheelectroniccontrolofultrasoundbeams.Thearraysconsistofaseriesofindividualtransducerelements,eachseparatelywired,time-delayedandelectricallyisolated;thearraysaretypicallypulsedingroupstopermitx201C;phasing,x201D;orconstructive-destructiveinterference.Thoughprimarilyamethodofgeneratingandreceivingultrasound,phasedarraysarealsoamethodofscanningandimaging.Whilesomescanpatternsemulatemanualtechnology,otherscans(forexample,S-scans)areuniquetophasedarrays.Withtheirdistinctfeaturesandcapabilities,phasedarraysrequirespecialset-upsandstandardization,asaddressedbythispractice.Commercialsoftwarepermitstheoperatortoeasilymakesetupswithoutdetailedknowledgeofthephasingrequirements.Phasedarrayscanbeusedindifferentways:manualorencodedlinearscanning;anddifferentdisplaysorcombinationsofdisplays.Inmanualscanning,thedominantdisplaywillbeanS-scanwithassociatedA-scans.S-scanshavetheadvantageoverE-scansthatallthespecifiedinspectionanglescanbecoveredatthesametime.Themainadvantagesofusingphasedarraysforultrasonicweldexaminationsare:Fasterscanningduetomultipleanglesondisplayatthesametime,BetterimagingfromthetruedepthS-scan,Datastorage,forexample,selectedreflectors,forauditing,andarchiving.Rapidandreproducibleset-upswithelectronicinstruments.Allpersonnelresponsibleforcarryingoutexaminations,analysisandreportingresultsusingthisstandardshouldbeappropriatelytrainedandqualifiedinaccordancewithanationallyorinternationallyrecognizedNDTpersonnelqualificationpracticeorstandardsuchasANSI/ASNTCP-189,SNT-TC-1A,NAS-410,orasimilardocumentandcertifiedbytheemployerorcertifyingagency,asapplicable.Additionally,thereshouldalsobetrainingorknowledgeandexperiencerelatedtophasedarrayequipmentandtechniques.Personnelperformingexaminationstothisstandardshouldlistthequalifyingcredentialsintheexaminationreport.1.1Thispracticedescribesultrasonictechniquesforinspectingweldsusingphasedarrayultrasonicmethods(seeNote1).1.2Thispracticeusesanglebeams,eitherinS-scanorE-scanmodes,primarilyforbuttweldsandTeewelds.Alternativeweldingtechniques,suchassolidstatebonding(forexample,frictionstirwelding)andfusionwelding(forexample,electronbeamwelding)canbeinspectedusingthispracticeprovidedadequatecoverageandtechniquesaredocumentedandapproved.Practicesforspecificgeometriessuchasspotweldsarenotincluded.Thepracticeisintendedtobeusedonthicknessesof9to200mm(0.375to8in.).Greaterandlesserthicknessesmaybetestedusingthisstandardpracticeifthetechniquecanbedemonstratedtoprovideadequatedetectiononmockupsofthesamewallthicknessandgeometry1.3ThevaluesstatedinSIunitsaretoberegardedasthestandard.Thevaluesgiveninparenthesesareforinformationonly.1.4Thevaluesstatedininch-poundunitsaretoberegardedasstandard.ThevaluesgiveninparenthesesaremathematicalconversionstoSIunitsthatareprovidedforinformationonlyandarenotconsideredstandard.Note18212;Thispracticeisbasedonexperiencewithferrousandaluminumalloys.Othermetallicmaterialscanbeexaminedusingthispracticeprovidedreferencestandardscanbedevelopedthatdemonstratethattheparticularmaterialandweldcanbesuccessfullypenetratedbyanultrasonicbeam.